Pragmatism Theory by Jean Piaget

Introduction Education is an area that has attracted the attention of many scholars. Unlike in the olden days where people were so much uncivilized and had no regard for education, in the modern world issues regarding education have completely taken a new look. According to Tipps (2011), currently education is the secret to succeed in life.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pragmatism Theory by Jean Piaget specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nations are currently investing so much in education as they have realized education as one of the main ways that a nation can grow. Shelly (2012) says that several technologies have been invented in the favor of education. Through these technologies, big advancements have been made in the sector of education. In today’s world, the economy growth of any given nation is measured not in terms of how much wealth it accumulates but by the level of learning education ac quired by its citizens. Theorists and various researchers have so much shown their interests in the area of education. Wadsworth (2004) points out that several theories have been developed by different theorists to support learning. These theories form the basis for the learners to desire to know more, develop an understanding, absorb, and retain what is leant in their minds. Seel (2012) argues that the educational theories are very important in the learning process. This scholar argues that when applied in the process of learning, these theories help the learners prescribe and apply educational skills learnt from the theories for better results in their learning process. Education theories vary and address various areas for example some may address areas like education policies, curriculum, learning, pedagogy, leadership and many other education relevant areas. This paper seeks to explore Jean Piaget’s ‘cognitive development’ educational theory, its impacts, and applicability in the learning process.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More ‘Cognitive development’ theory description Jean Piaget invented the cognitive development theory of education around 1955. This theorist was so much concerned with education of children as he argued it was the only way to prevent the economy of a nation from collapsing. This scholar viewed education of children as the pillar and foundation for success. Jean Piaget was through this theory was so much concerned with provision of quality knowledge to children. This scholar relates this theory to the human development structures and stages as the regulator of acquired knowledge and education. The arguments of this scholar in the theory are purely based on the structuralism. Jean applies a cognitive approach in this theory. According to this scholar, the intellectual development of children varies from one stage of development to another. After observing and studying the cognitive development of his children, jean interpreted the process of acquiring knowledge based on two concepts. The two concepts are accommodation and assimilation that not only consider biological interaction but part of cognitive point of view. In the Cognitive development theory, jean proposes four stages of development that he argues they also represent the various stages of knowledge and education acquisition. The four stages of development as described in the Piaget’s cognitive theory are as follows. The sensorimotor stage of development- This refers to the stage between birth and the time a child celebrates its second birthday. The pre-operational stage- this is the period of child’s development ranging from the age of two to seven years. The stage of concrete operation- This refers to the stage between age seven and eleven years. The formal operational stage- according to Jean, this is the final stage of development of a child ranging between the age of eleven years to sixteen years and above. Process of learning as described by the theory Jean Piaget in this theory explains the process of acquiring knowledge and learning basing his arguments on the different developmental stages of a child. Although the learning process may not be gradual, Jean explains that the theory applicability is evident depending on the objects to which the child is subjected. This theorist argues that in first stage of development, the child’s experience of the new environment is by movement of body the limbs and the five senses. At this stage, children are perceived egocentric, as they do not view the world from others’ perspective. In the second stage of development, egocentrism begins to disappear and the child begins to think logically. According to Jean, this egocentrism nature disappears completely in the third stage of development and the thinking status of the ch ild at this stage is very concrete and logical. From this stage going to the final stage of development, the child develops abstract reasoning and thinking. At this stage, the child mind is completely developed and thinking status at is very logical.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pragmatism Theory by Jean Piaget specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Broadly, Jean Piaget describes the child’s development and learning process as a cycle. This scholar argues that this development is heavily reliant on the immediate environment of the child, as it tries to comprehend various issues in the environment. Repeatedly, the child continues to acquire knowledge, differentiate elements ant their impact and ingrate them accordingly through reflex abstraction as described by Piaget. As development progresses, Jean Piaget argues that the child starts to identify several objects and their various ways of action affe cting those objects through what he refers as ‘empirical abstraction’. Through repetition of this process, the child is able to acquire new insights and achieve new knowledge levels. This process according to Jean forms new ‘cognitive stages’. This way, such a child learns how to deal with various new issues within the environment. As the cycle continues, the child is thinking ability, reasoning expands, and the child attains different levels of knowledge. The child will be developing as time goes by, and it will be able to handle more complex objects and issues in the environment. This way the child develops the knowledge of dealing with more complex patterns and the child continues to acquire more knowledge. This learning cycle continues and its more gradual especially when the child is exposed to various and also different environmental factors or objects and real life experiences. Evaluation of learning occurrence According to Jean Piaget’s theor y, the cognitive structure is taking to develop from one stage to another depending on the various life experiences and objects the child is subjected. The mind of a child is small at the initial stages of development and cannot accommodate many things. At these early stages, the child may not be able to conceptualize much of the experiences faced abstractly. Solving of problems like arithmetical calculations and dealing with physical situations is not easy for the child at this stage. As the child develops, so does the brain. The cognitive structure is defined in a way that learning takes place progressively as the child develops. A two-year child cannot be taken to class four because the cognitive structure is not developed to accommodate the information. At the development stages, children in most occasions apply mental maps construction to learn more on environmental experiences. This is why when this two-year old child cannot learn anything when taken to class four. When these mental maps are constructed in the life of a child, the brain is able to absorb and retain the experience. Repeatedly, this information is assimilated permanently into the brain of a child.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A child’s memory is very sharp. The brain at this stage is able to retain information for a very long period. That is why a child is able to identify and love some people and dislike others depending on the first treatment given to this child at the early stages of development. When a child is exposed to different life occurrence it may be in a position adjust the cognitive issues by lowering the equilibrium so as to accommodate all the new life factors (Leonardus, 2002). This way, the child continues to develop more complex cognitive structures solve hurdles of life. Jean Piaget’s cognitive theory of education advocates for children exposure to various objects. According to this theory, the cognitive structure develops as the children grow. This calls for exposure of these children to different environmental conditions. This theory is can be effectively be applied in the entire process of learning and the education system to realize good performance. Leonardus (2002) argues that learning is a mental process that is internal and the educator should majorly concentrate in building and improving the intelligence development of the cognitive structures of a child. This theory assumes that the memory system is actively organized to process information that influences acquisition of knowledge and the whole learning process. However, the applicability of this theory may be criticized. This is because to come up and draw conclusion on this theory, Piaget only relied only on the sample of his three children. These three children had a similar genetic composition, subjected to similar objects, and brought up in very similar environment. There is a likelihood that Jean Piaget conditioned these children to react in a desired manner (Antona, 2001). Children with different genetic makeup and brought up in different environments may not necessarily respond the same as Piaget’s children. An illustration of learning applying the theory According to Lefran cÃŒ §ois (2012), there are many evident illustrations of learning applying Jean Piaget’s cognitive theory of education. One on the commonly known is the illustration is the use of the cognitive theory in Multimedia learning. This where, a learner is subjected to the experience of words and various pictures through the media for interpretation. In this case, the learner uses words and images to advance his or her verbal capacity as a way of learning. Following every portion of pictures and words presented to the learner by the multimedia, these models are organized and integrated prior knowledge from the long-term memory. In relation to the basics of cognitive theory, this learning is based on four principles. These principles include the dual-coding principle, working with limited memory capacity, active processing, and the transfer of information. The memory works better in a dual system, where verbal information is coupled with visual information for better memory. Only a l imited amount of knowledge can be held by working memory at a given memory. This means a learner should be in position to identify the points of cognitive resource allocation. One point that should also be put into consideration on the working memory capacity is that the memory has limited storage capacity that may affect the learning process. Antona (2001) argues that, to avoid the effects of the limited, capacity of the memory, a learner should be able to integrate only the allowed concepts in the working memory and information that is extraneous to the memory working capacity. LefrancÃŒ §ois (2012) says that the coding theory of Multimedia Learning recognizes that human beings by nature are always actively involved in cognitive processing of existing stimulus that is presented by different factors in the environment, because there will be an effort to make sense of every presented stimuli. In multimedia learning, there is an active processing of information including all the sele cted information, organized and integrated accordingly. This learning involves the linking of the representation based on images and words. After a successful learning process has taken place, the learner or other people are now able to retrieve the long-term acquired knowledge in situations when they need it to undertake given tasks. This is the information transfer principle. The knowledge acquired may be transferred immediately or reserved to be used when needed or faced with tasks requiring its application. Learning tasks based upon the theory The cognitive theory of learning poses several learning tasks not only the teacher or educator but also to the learner. One of the vital tasks that the theory poses to the teacher is the need to know and understand that cognitive structures develop as the learner grows from one stage to another. It is equally important to know that the memory capacity of the working memory is limited and can only accommodate limited information at a partic ular time. By understanding this, the teacher will again be faced by the tasks of drawing the curriculum that includes effective planning to accommodate and enhances appropriate growth of logical and conceptual reasoning of the learner. The cognitive theory provides a learning task for the educator to develop and apply some learning instructions (Duschl, 1992). This is where a teacher has to realize the important role-played by the learner exposed to various experiences and interaction with the surrounding environment. An educator will be able to issue instructions that encourage inclusion of play to students in the learning process in order to develop cognitive structures. Through the theory, the teacher bears the tasks of setting goals to measure the purpose of actions undertaken by various students to establish and provide meaning on their learning progress. This learning theory is also based upon the tasks of students’ self-observation and regulation. This is where by aft er the goals have been set, the learners are given the duty of monitoring and determining their own progress in the learning process. In addition, it also encourages students’ self-assessment. This is relieves the teacher from the task of always assessing their progress. Finally, the theory entrusts the learners with the task of carrying out self-reinforcement. This make that develop a good feeling of the good things they do and regret for bad things done to enable them accomplish their goals. Conclusion Human intelligences involve a process of acquiring knowledge, its construction within the mind and finally how it is used. Learning is a complex process which involves allowing the mind to gather new knowledge, and use this new knowledge to develop the mind. The development of mind, according to Jean Piaget, is a gradual process. According to his theory, human development is not an abrupt process which takes place suddenly. It is a consistent process that involves collecting experiences, either through teaching or by witnessing issues taking place within the environment. This theory holds that this process involves biological development of the mind as one gets to understand various issues in life that were not known before. This means that cognitive development of the mind takes place from the time a child is born. This theory holds that when a child is born, it is exposed to the environment that is absolutely different from the environment it was used to. This child will be forced to learn how to survive in the new environment. The environmental factors will help such a child learn various issues within the environment. At that early stage of life, there are issues they know, while others are completely new to them. This means that there is always a discrepancy of knowledge because there are some issues that are beyond their understanding. The cognitive theory holds that in such cases, learning will take place based on what is known to the child. The child will use its current knowledge to eliminate the discrepancies of knowledge by trying to understand what it knows not. At the center of this development, according to Jean Piaget, is knowledge. It is through language that this knowledge will be learnt and the mind will be developed. References Antona, M. J. (2001). Introducing Christian education: Foundations for the twenty-first century. Grand Rapids: Baker Publishers. Duschl, R. (1992). Philosophy of science, cognitive psychology, and educational theory and practice. Albany: State University of New York Press. LefrancÃŒ §ois, G. R. (2012). Theories of human learning: What the professor said. Belmont: Wadsworth. Leonardus, D. C. (2002). Learning theories: A to Z. Westport: Greenwood Press. Seel, N. (2012). Encyclopedia of the sciences of learning. New York: Springer. Shelly, G. (2012). Teachers discovering computers: Integrating technology in a connected world. Boston: Course Technology Cengage Learning. Tipps, S. (2011). Guid ing children’s learning of mathematics. Belmont: Cengage Learning. Wadsworth, B. (2004). Piaget’s theory of cognitive and affective development. New York: Pearson. This research paper on Pragmatism Theory by Jean Piaget was written and submitted by user Mya K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Writing Essays in A Sample Taught Format

Writing Essays in A Sample Taught FormatA sample essay typed is a great way to get a feel for writing and see how to format a draft. The program will help you make the most of your ideas in writing. These types of applications are often used as a guide in writing academic essays, medical research papers, technical writing and even teaching work. You can take advantage of the convenience that it brings by selecting a number of sample essays and using them as a guide.While typing a sample essay typed, it is important to think about the objectives that you wish to achieve while writing the essay. This type of essay should be logical and should be conversational. Remember that when writing a number of essay samples the program will aid you by providing suggestions on how to make the essay more interesting. It will also guide you on how to format the essay effectively. Some examples of academic essays typed can be found online or at libraries.If you want to further the thesis of the essay you can add some additional essay topics. For example if you are writing a medical research essay that deals with the treatment of cancer then you can add a different topic into the text. For each topic you need to ensure that you understand its relevance.Sample essays typed are ideal for developing a balance in writing and to enhance your level of comfort in writing. Many employers have computerized questionnaires which they want to get feedback from their employees. One question that is asked is whether the employee believes in evolution or creation.There are a number of reasons why the subject of the essay might need to be questioned and you can use this as an opportunity to discuss both sides of the argument. By writing essays typed you can work out a solution to the dilemma and if it is not possible to find a solution you can express your doubts so that the employer can advise you accordingly. You might also consider writing some paragraphs which would help you to convey your thoughts more clearly.Your employer might ask you to present some concrete information and statistics which will help the employer to decide which employer you should apply for. The aim of this essay sample is to serve as your guide in making your statement stronger. The key point of writing an essay is to capture the interest of the reader and to make the decision of which essay to apply for as easy as possible. Your decision may be based on whether you get good grades in the assessment tests or whether you get a job because of your ability to provide information.Sample essays typed are perfect for developing your level of competence in writing as well as encouraging the learning process. People who use these programs have been able to develop their skills in writing quickly and keep their focus on the objective of the essay. The organization will help you in thinking logically while presenting the information in your writing.

Sample Graduate School Recommendation by a Professor

Sample Graduate School Recommendation by a Professor The success of your graduate school application relies on the quality of the recommendation letters professors write on your behalf. What goes into a helpful recommendation letter? Check out the sample letter of recommendation written by a professor. What makes it work? An Effective Recommendation Letter for Graduate School   Explains how the professor knows the student. The professor speaks to the student’s abilities in several contexts rather than just in class.Is detailed.Supports statements with specific examples.Compares a student to her peers and the letter explains exactly what makes the student stand out.Describes a students capacities in specific ways rather than simply noting that she is an excellent student prepared for grad school. Below is the body of an effective recommendation letter, written by a professor. To: Graduate Admissions Committee It is my pleasure to write on behalf of Jane Student, who is applying to the Ph.D. program in Research Psychology at Major University. I have interacted with Jane in several contexts: as a student, as a teaching assistant, and as a thesis mentee. I first met Jane in 2008, when she enrolled in my introductory Psychology class. Jane immediately stood out from the crowd, even as a first-semester freshman. Just a few months out of high school, Jane demonstrated characteristics commonly held by the best college students. She was attentive in class, prepared, submitted well-written and thoughtful assignments, and participated in meaningful ways, such as by debating other students. Throughout, Jane modeled critical thinking skills. Needless to say, Jane earned one of five A’s awarded in that class of 75 students. Since her first semester in college Jane has enrolled in six of my classes. She demonstrated similar competencies, and her skills grew with each semester. Most striking is her ability to tackle challenging material with enthusiasm and endurance. I teach a required course in Statistics that, as rumor has it, most students dread. Students’ fears of statistics are legendary across institutions, but Jane wasn†™t fazed. As usual, she was prepared for class, completed all assignments, and attended help sessions conducted by my teaching assistant. My teaching assistant reported that Jane seemed to learn concepts quickly, learning how to solve problems well before the other students. When placed in group work sessions, Jane easily adopted a leadership role, helping her peers learn how to solve problems on their own. It was these competencies that led me to offer Jane a position as a teaching assistant for my statistics class. As a teaching assistant, Jane strengthened many of the skills I have articulated. In this position, Jane held review sessions and offered out-of-class assistance to students. She also lectured in class several times during the semester. Her first lecture was a bit shaky. She clearly knew the concepts but had difficulty keeping pace with PowerPoint slides. When she abandoned the slides and worked off the blackboard, she improved. She was able to answer students questions and the two that she couldn’t answer, she admitted to and said she’d get back to them. As a first lecture, she was very good. Most important to a career in academics, is that she improved in subsequent lectures. Leadership, humility, the ability to see areas in need of improvement, and the willingness to do the work needed to improve – these are all characteristics we value in academia. Most important to a career in academics is research competence. As I have explained, Jane has an excellent grasp of statistics and other skills critical to a successful career in research, such as tenacity and excellent problem solving and critical thinking skills. As mentor of her senior thesis, I witnessed Jane in her first independent research efforts. Similar to other students, Jane struggled with finding an appropriate topic. Unlike other students, she conducted mini literature reviews on potential topics and discussed her ideas with a sophistication that is unusual for undergraduates. After methodical study, she chose a topic that fits her academic goals. Jane’s project examined [X]. Her project earned a department award, university award, and was presented as a paper at a regional psychology association. In closing, I believe that Jane student has the capacity to excel at X and in a career as a research psychologist. She is one of a small handful of student that I have encountered in my 16 years teaching undergraduates that has this ability. Please do not hesitate to contact me with further questions. Why This Letter Is Effective It is written by a professor who has extensive experience with the applicant.The professor describes several aspects of the students competence.It describes how the student has grown and developed her skills. What does this mean for you as a potential applicant to grad school? Work to foster close, multidimensional relationships with faculty. Develop good relationships with several faculty because one professor often cannot comment on all of your strengths. Good graduate school letters of recommendation are built over time. Take that time to get to know professors and for them to get to know you.

9 famosos a los que EE.UU. negó o cancelo la visa

9 famosos a los que EE.UU. negà ³ o cancelo la visa Los ricos y famosos tambià ©n tienen problemas con las visas americanas, siendo muy variadas las causas por las que no se les deniega la solicitud de visa o se le cancela la que ya tienen. En la lista de famosos que sigue a continuacià ³n se pone de manifiesto que entre las causas ms comunes por las que se convierten en inelegible para una visa no inmigrante o inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos es el consumo de drogas. Menos comà ºn pero tambià ©n frecuente se dan casos de relacià ³n con el narco, conducta violenta o presuntamente delictiva y presencia ilegal en el paà ­s. Sin visa americana por asunto de drogas Diego Armando Maradona. El astro argentino del fà ºtbol vio rechaza su peticià ³n de visa de turista cuando pretendà ­a viajar a Disney con sus hijas y su nieto Benjamà ­n Agà ¼ero. Aunque en la prensa se hizo eco de que la causa de la negacià ³n de la solicitud podrà ­an haber sido las simpatà ­as polà ­ticas de Maradona por Cuba y el gobierno bolivariano de Venezuela lo cierto es que à ©se no es motivo. Aunque la Embajada de Dubai, que fue la que rechazà ³ la peticià ³n, no ha aclarado el asunto, puede razonablemente pensarse que el pasado de consumo de drogas de Maradona jugà ³ su papel. Y es que las drogas, tanto el trfico como el mero consumo son razà ³n principal para que se cierre la puerta a Estados Unidos. Si Maradona quiere mostrar al Ratà ³n Mickey a su nieto, siempre le quedar Parà ­s, ya que Disney Japà ³n tampoco lo podr visitar. Y es que el gobierno de Tokio tambià ©n le ha denegado la visa alegando su consumo de drogas. Recientemente, el astro argentino solicità ³ de nuevo la visa y le fue negada. En la prensa se seà ±alà ³ como posible causa el haber insultado pà ºblicamente al presidente Donald Trump. Amy Winehouse. La fallecida estrella de la cancià ³n britnica no puedo obtener una visa de trabajo para actuar en directo en los Grammy 2008. El consumo de drogas fue la causa. La cà ©lebre cantante tuvo que conformarse actuando desde su Gran Bretaà ±a natal và ­a satà ©lite. El famoso cantante de ranchera y actor mexicano Pablo Montero sufrià ³ en su carne la cancelacià ³n de una visa. Si la razà ³n fue una equivocacià ³n, como dicen algunos, o una portacià ³n de droga ilegal para consumo propio, como alegan otros, es un misterio. Que hubo cancelacià ³n de visado, es un hecho. Incluso el ex presidente colombiano Ernesto Samper sufrià ³ en su propia piel una cancelacià ³n de su visa americana. Nadie dice que el mandatario haya consumido ninguna substancia ilegal ni tampoco que haya traficado. Pero sus lazos poco claros con ciertos elementos del narcotrfico fueron suficientes para justificar que se quedara sin visado. Un ejemplo de que no es necesario tocar la droga directamente para que el asunto tenga consecuencias en la visa es el de la bellà ­sima modelo y empresaria colombiana Natalia Parà ­s. Vivà ­a ya en Miami cuando al viajar a Colombia a renovar la visa se encontrà ³ con que no podà ­a ser. Paris es viuda de Julio Cà ©sar Correa Valdà ©s, un presunto narcotraficante con quien tuvo una hija. Y es ser familiar inmediato de un narco es, por ley, causa para quedarse sin visa. Por à ºltimo, en este apartado tambià ©n se encuentra el incidente sufrido por la cocinera y presentadora britnica Nigela Lawson, quien fue sacada de un avià ³n ya a punto de colocarse para despegar hacia Estados Unidos. Previamente el ex marido de Lawson la habà ­a acusado pà ºblicamente de consumo de drogas. Sin visa por presencia ilegal en Estados Unidos La actriz, cantante y conductora de televisià ³n Dorismar entrà ³ en Estados Unidos en 2002 como turista sin visa en un momento en el que los argentinos estaban incluidos en el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visas. Se quedà ³ en Florida y triunfà ³. Hasta que un dà ­a, cuatro aà ±os ms tarde, las autoridades llamaron a su puerta y la deportaron por estar ilegalmente en el paà ­s. Se cree que hubo una denuncia previa de una colega que alertà ³ a la migra. Desde entonces, no ha podido regresar a EEUU.ya que el castigo por presencia ilegal por su accià ³n es de 10 aà ±os. Asuntos pendientes En ocasiones, las visas se cancelan temporalmente o no es posible obtener una hasta que se soluciona favorablemente un asunto judicial pendiente. Esto afecta tambià ©n al privilegio de viajar a Estados Unidos sin visa por ser ciudadano de un paà ­s incluido en el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visas. Eso es lo que le pasà ³ al cantante y D.J. britnico Boy George, quien tenà ­a un asunto pendiente de detencià ³n ilegal y tambià ©n afectà ³ a Lily Allen, quien se perdià ³ los MTV Music Awards de 2007 hasta que se resolvià ³ un presunto ataque a un fotà ³grafo. Sin visa americana por corrupcià ³n 9Las relaciones poco claras con el gobierno Fujimori le ha valido la cancelacià ³n de la visa a la conductora de televisià ³n peruana Laura Bozzo tener que dejar de transmitir su programa para toda Latinoamà ©rica desde Miami y dejar deshabitada su mansià ³n en Florida. Quien sà ­ tiene visa a pesar de reportes en sentido contrario La sexà ³loga cubana Mariela Castro, hija de Raà ºl y sobrina de Fidel, sà ­ que ha tenido visa para visitar EEUU cuando asà ­ lo ha solicitado. En ocasiones su tramitacià ³n se ha demorado ms de lo habitual y se ha llegado a publicar que le negaban la visa. Pero finalmente siempre se le ha aprobado, a pesar de que sus viajes a EEUU son siempre muy protestados. Americanos sin visa para ingresar a otros paà ­ses Estadounidenses ricos y famosos tambià ©n se han visto en problemas en otros paà ­ses. Asà ­, Paris Hilton se encontrà ³ con que le prohibà ­an la entrada a Japà ³n. En una situacià ³n parecida se encuentra reina de los hogares Martha Stewart no puedo conseguir una visa para el Reino Unido. Stewart estuvo en la crcel cumpliendo pena por haberse ilegalmente aprovechado de informacià ³n confidencial para conseguir ganancias en la Bolsa. Un caso insà ³lito pero real es el de una estadounidense profesional que reunà ­a todos los requisitos para una visa de inmigrante (tarjeta de residencia) para Nueva Zelanda se encontrà ³ con que su solicitud fue rechazada por estar tremendamente gorda. La razà ³n argumentada por las autoridades de ese paà ­s fue que serà ­a una carga para el sistema de salud pà ºblico. Puntos clave: famosos sin visa americana Estados Unidos puede negar o cancelar cualquier visa no inmigrante a cualquier persona que considere inelegible para la misma o inadmisible para ingresar al paà ­s.La causa ms frecuente de la negacià ³n o cancelacià ³n de la visa a famosos extranjeros est relacionado con el consumo de droga o và ­nculos con el narco. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal

Nigeria and Oil Extraction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nigeria and Oil Extraction - Essay Example Oil industry forms a major part of the export sector of Nigeria. However, the oil drilling and oil exploration has lead to massive environmental problems, such as water pollution, land degradation and breakdown of ecosystem. These issues have created further social problems in the lives of Nigerians. It seems that Nigerians are paying a huge price for economic development. Oil forms a pertinent part of the exports of the African country, Nigeria. In fact, much of the development, which started in the 1950s in this country, has been attributed to the revenue obtained from the oil industry. Moreover, future advancement in Nigeria depends largely on this industry. Nigeria comes second to the leading African nations, exporting oil. Since the discovery of oil in 1959, the country has largely become independent on this commodity for its foreign exchange reserves. Nigeria has improved economically and socially, since this has led to better infrastructure facilities, and a better trade balan ce. Nigeria is bound to progress in every occupation, because it remains one of the nations having huge amount of oil reserves, which remains the most prized commodity. Therefore, oil exploration and drilling should have profound impacts on the lives of Nigerians, which advances their lifestyle. This could mean in terms of better living conditions, education, better agriculture, better environment and availability of food (Emiri, Deinduomo, pp.349, year). However, this has not been the case, when it comes to Nigeria. Nigeria remains one of the Third World Countries, which is crippled by the same problems such countries face. One of the common problems faced by Third World Countries includes the rapid environment degradation. Environmental degradation has been advanced by the oil industry, because of the drilling impacts. The paper largely focuses on the different environmental impacts that the oil industry has created. It has become an issue of immense concern, especially in the rec ent decades. Environmental degradation has gotten quite out of hand. This can be proved by the fact that the Millennium Development Goals, which had to be completed by various countries by the year 2012, includes the issue of environmental management. Environmental management includes areas such as the protection and the sustainable use of the elements of the environment. It also includes the reversal of those environmental problems, which humans have created (Child Development, n.p). However, Nigeria has remained far behind in this goal. Environmental degradation has multiplied; because of the increased oil, drilling that has been occurring since the past few decades. Nevertheless, that does not signify or assume that there remains no environmental awareness in Nigeria. The negative environmental effects of oil operations have largely been studied and documented by van Dessel, who used to be the environmental studies head of Shell in Nigeria. He found out that many of the environme ntal problems stem from oil spills, gas flares, oil and other waste, drilling and even during surveys. Seismic surveys create many problems, such as the cutting of lines that adversely affect the mangroves forestation. The whole ecosystem gets disturbed in this way. Therefore, one such simple example shows the numerous environmental effects of oil drilling (Frynas, pp. 158). The environmental impact has been significant particularly in one area, which includes the Niger Delta region. This region forms part of history in the way that the first oil exploration was conducted in this area in 1956. At the time of discovery, some 5000 barrels of oil were produced every day. However, now the production has extended to such a large

Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case - Assignment Example As there were many unions in the area and some of them were also affiliated to political parties; it was essential that the fund collection unit performed to its optimal capacity as the political unit could not function without money. The major players involved in this description are the employees of the fund collection unit.2 new supervisors who have been recently hired. These supervisors are important as they have been responsible for affecting the behaviour of the employees with their attitude towards the fund collection. I have been involved as an observer who tries to analyse the problem and solve it. The political unit is also involved in the setting where team meetings are concerned. However the political unit is an extraneous factor not immediately involved in the problem described below. In the recent past we have witnessed that fund collection for the youth union has decreased considerably. Many reasons have been cited for the lack of fund collection and the department responsible for fund collection has usually declared that very few people have come up with donations due to the recent global recession. However being the unit HR for the fund collection unit I have done my own research regarding the matter. This research was done in the form of questionnaires and informal decision with the various employees. I also applied the naturalistic observation model to observe the different employees and their behaviour. I have come to the conclusion that the problem of low fund collection is more of a behavioural issue where the employees are not willing to give their 100% to the job and are shirking responsibility. I tried to diagnose the problem and find out the root cause of the problem. This diagnosis has been explained below. Lack of Motivation – Due to the recent crunch of funds the union has reduced the amount of commission handed out from 10 % to 5% for every

Discipline in Childhood Essay -- Parenting Papers

Discipline in Childhood Children require freedom to grow and to learn, but they will not thrive on unlimited freedom. The aim of discipline is to set reasonable limits which protect children from harm and teach them what is safe and what is not. If children are to grow up into responsible, conscientious, and dependable adults, they must learn the social, moral, and ethical standards that are considered acceptable in our society. They must also learn to respect the rights and property of others. Children brought up without discipline may become selfish, greedy, dishonest, unpopular, uncooperative and insecure. Undisciplined children constantly demand attention. They may be inconsiderate or disrespectful to others. Some are destructive, aggressive, and accident prone. A child allowed to disobey without punishment is unlikely to develop much respect for law as he grows older. Although it is impossible to define rules for discipline that are appropriate for every situation, some principles are well established. * Your child needs your LOVE more than anything else. * You should use discipline to teach your child. * You should not discipline your child before he or she is old enough to understand the reason for the punishment. * You should not punish your child for behavior that is part of normal development, such as thumb sucking, speech development, or accidents that occur during toilet training. * You should not punish your child for anything that is accidental. * Both parents should be consistent in the application of discipline. * You should explain to your child, in language ... ... has been forgiven. For a time-out to be effective there must also be "time-in." To summaries this piece of work this shows us that children can’t be given unlimited freedom because they will run wild, and this also shows that children require your love and support in life not only as a child but also when they are growing up. This also shows us that children who are NOT disciplined tend to be â€Å"Greedy, dishonest, selfish etc†¦Ã¢â‚¬  these children also seem to get into more trouble than children who receive more love and support during their childhood. It also says that you should NOT use discipline on children that are too young to understand what is going on, due to this may effect their mental development. This also shows us that ‘time out’ is one of the best disciplines in the way to teach a child to stop misbehaving.